Ukufuya iihagu kufuneka kwenziwe izikwere ezintlanu, oko kukuthi, iintlobo, isondlo, indawo, ulawulo, kunye nothintelo lobhubhane.Le miba mihlanu iyimfuneko.Phakathi kwazo, okusingqongileyo, iintlobo ngeentlobo, isondlo, kunye nothintelo lobhubhane kubizwa ngokuba yimiqobo emine yobugcisa, kwaye ifuthe leehagu zendalo likhulu.Ukuba ulawulo lokusingqongileyo alufanelekanga, amandla okuvelisa angeke adlalwe, kodwa kwakhona yimbangela yezifo ezininzi.Kuphela ngokunika iihagu indawo yokuhlala ekhululekile sinokunika umdlalo opheleleyo kwisakhono sayo sokuvelisa.
Iimpawu zebhayoloji zeehagu zezi: amantshontsho oyika ingqele, iihagu ezinkulu zoyika ubushushu, kwaye iihagu azifumi, kwaye zifuna umoya ococekileyo.Ngoko ke, ubume kunye noyilo lobuchwephesha lweehagu ezinkulu zefama kufuneka ziqwalaselwe malunga nezi ngxaki.Ezi zinto zichaphazela enye kwenye kwaye zikhawulelana.
(1) Iqondo lobushushu: Amaqondo obushushu adlala indima ephambili kwizinto ezingqongileyo.Iihagu zinochuku kakhulu kubude bobushushu bendalo esingqongileyo.Ubushushu obuphantsi yeyona nto inobungozi kumantshontsho eehagu.Ukuba amantshontsho eehagu atyhileke kwi-1 ° C kangangeeyure ezi-2, anokukhenkceka, abe ngumkhenkce, ade afe.Iihagu ezindala zinokukhenkcezwa kwindawo eyi-8 ° C ixesha elide, kodwa zingakhenkceka zingatyi okanye zingaseli;iihagu ezibhityileyo zinokukhenkceka xa zikwi -5 ° C. Ingqele inempembelelo enkulu engathanga ngqo kumantshontsho eehagu.Ngoyena nobangela wezifo zorhudo ezifana neehagu kunye ne-infectious gastroenteritis, kwaye inokuvuselela ukwenzeka kwezifo zokuphefumla.Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba ukuba ihagu yolondolozo ihlala kwindawo engaphantsi kwe-12 ° C, umlinganiselo wayo wokufumana ubunzima kwiqela lolawulo unciphisa nge-4.3%.Umvuzo wesondlo uya kuthotywa nge-5%.Ngexesha elibandayo, iimfuno zobushushu bezindlu zeehagu zabantu abadala azikho ngaphantsi kwe-10 ° C;indlu yehagu yolondolozo kufuneka igcinwe kwi-18 ° C. Iiveki ezi-2-3 zeehagu zidinga malunga ne-26 ° C;amantshontsho eehagu phakathi kweveki enye afuna indawo eyi-30 ° C;iqondo lobushushu kwibhokisi yolondolozo liphezulu.
Umahluko wobushushu phakathi kwemini nobusuku entlakohlaza nasekwindla mkhulu, ungafikelela ngaphantsi kwe 10 ° C.Ngoko ke, ngeli xesha, kufuneka kuvalwe iingcango kunye neefestile ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukunciphisa ukuhluka kweqondo lokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku.Iihagu ezindala azikwazi ukumelana nobushushu.Xa amaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-28 ° C, ihagu enkulu enomzimba ongaphezulu kwe-75kg inokuba nesifo sombefu: ukuba ingaphezulu kwe-30 ° C, isixa sokutya kweehagu siyehla kakhulu, umvuzo wesondlo uyehla, kwaye ukukhula kucotha. .Xa amaqondo obushushu engaphezulu kwe 35 ° C kwaye engathathi nawaphi na amanyathelo okupholisa kwi-anti-controlled agency, ezinye iihagu ezityebileyo zingenzeka.Iimazi ezikhulelweyo zinokubangela ukuphuma kwesisu, umnqweno wesondo wehagu uyancipha, umgangatho ophantsi wamadlozi, kunye ne-2-3 kwi-2-3 yazo.Kunzima ukuchacha kwisithuba senyanga.Uxinzelelo lwe-thermal lunokulandela izifo ezininzi.
Ubushushu bendlu yehagu buxhomekeke kumthombo weekhalori ezikwindlu yeehagu kunye neqondo lokuphulukana nelahleko.Phantsi kweemeko zokungabikho kwezixhobo zokufudumeza, umthombo wobushushu ikakhulu uxhomekeke kubushushu bomzimba wehagu kunye nokukhanya kwelanga.Ubungakanani belahleko yobushushu bunxulumene nezinto ezifana nesakhiwo, izixhobo zokwakha, izixhobo zokuphefumla kunye nolawulo lwendlu yeehagu.Ngexesha elibandayo, izixhobo zokufudumeza kunye nokugquma kufuneka zongezwe ukuze kutyiwe iihagu ze-L Da kunye neehagu zolondolozo.Ehlotyeni, umsebenzi wokunqanda ukudakumba kweehagu ezindala kufuneka wenziwe.Ukuba unyusa umoya kunye nokupholisa, khawulezisa ilahleko yobushushu.Nciphisa ukuxinana kweehagu kwindlwana yeehagu ukunciphisa umthombo wobushushu endlwini.Le nto
Umsebenzi ubaluleke kakhulu kwiimazi zeehagu ezikhulelweyo.
(2) Ukufuma: Ukufuma kubhekiselele kubuninzi bokufuma emoyeni kwindlu yeehagu.Ngokuqhelekileyo, imelwa kukufuma.Indawo yokugcina igosa lehagu yi-65% ukuya kuma-80%.Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba kwimo engqongileyo ye-14-23 ° C, ukufuma okunxulumene ne-50% ukuya kwi-80% yemo engqongileyo yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokuphila kweehagu.Misa izixhobo zokungenisa umoya kwaye uvule iingcango kunye neefestile ukunciphisa ukufuma kwegumbi.
(3) ukungena komoya: Ngenxa yobuninzi beehagu, umthamo wendlu yeehagu uncinci kwaye uvaliwe.Indlu yeehagu iqokelele isixa esikhulu secarbon dioxide, iatmosfera, ihydrogen sulfide kunye nothuli.Ixesha elibandayo elivaliweyo.Ukuba iihagu zihlala kule ndawo ixesha elide, zinokuqala zivuselele i-mucosa yendlela yokuphefumula ephezulu, zibangele ukudumba, kwaye zenze usulelo lweehagu okanye zivuselele izifo zokuphefumla, ezifana ne-asthma, infectious pleural pneumonia, inyumoniya yehagu, njl njl. ikwabangela ihagu's stress syndrome.Ibonakaliswa ngokuncipha kokutya, ukunciphisa ukuncancisa, ukuphambana okanye ukutyhafa, kunye neendlebe zokuhlafuna.Ukungenisa umoya kuseyeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yokuphelisa iigesi eziyingozi.

Umoya ofanelekileyo woxinzelelo kunye nomgaqo wokupholisa
Inginginya ye-positive kwaye ingenisa umoya kunye nokupholisa phantsi yi-Eastern Evapable Cold Fin.Umgaqo kukuthumela umoya wendalo ngaphandle kwemfuyo kunye nendlu yeenkukhu ngomkhusane omanzi wokuhluza kunye nokupholisa, kwaye ngokuqhubekayo uwuthumele endlwini ngenkqubo yawo yokuhambisa ifeni kunye nomoya wokuhambisa umoya., Iigesi ezinobungozi ezifana ne-hydrogen sulfide zikhutshwa ngeengcango ezivulekileyo okanye ezivulekileyo kunye neefestile ngendlela yoxinzelelo olulungileyo [njengemfuyo evaliweyo kunye nezindlu zeenkukhu kufuneka zongezwe ngabalandeli boxinzelelo olubi] ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ucoceko olucocekileyo nococekileyo indlu yemfuyo kunye neenkukhu.Indawo epholileyo kunye nomoya omtsha, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo lwesifo, ukunciphisa impembelelo yokushisa yokuvuselela ubushushu kwimfuyo kunye neenkukhu, kunye nokusombulula isisombululo sexesha elinye lokungena umoya, ukupholisa kunye nokuhlanjululwa.Ukungena komoya okufanelekileyo kunye nokupholisa ngokuthe ngcembe kuye kwaba lukhetho lokuqala kwiifama zehagu ezintsha neziguqulayo kwiifama ezinkulu zeehagu.Ikwalukhetho lokuqala kwiifektri ezahlukeneyo zokuphucula umoya kunye nokupholisa iworkshop.

Inzuzo engundoqo kunye nokusetyenziswa koxinzelelo oluhle lomoya kunye nenkqubo yokupholisa
1. Isebenza kwindawo evulekileyo, evulelekileyo nevaliweyo yeefama zehagu ezintsha nezindala, ubomi benkonzo yeyunithi bungafikelela kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-10.
2. Utyalo-mali oluncinci kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla, kuphela i-1 degree / iyure yamandla kwi-100 square metres, indawo yokuphuma yomoya inokupholisa ngokubanzi nge-4 ukuya kwi-10 ° C, umoya, ukupholisa, i-oksijini, kunye nokuhlanjululwa kwayo ngexesha.
3. Indawo emiselweyo kukupholisa imazi, kwaye kwangaxeshanye kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zobushushu beemazi kunye neehagu ukuthintela ngempumelelo amantshontsho ehagu kunye nokuhlambulula;Uncedo lweemazi zonyuka nge-40% kwimozulu yobushushu obuphezulu
4. Yenza buthathaka ngokufanelekileyo uxinzelelo lobushushu, uthintele izifo, uthintele ubunzima ekuzaleni, uphucula amantshontsho eehagu ukuze afikelele izinga lokusinda, uphucula kakhulu umgangatho wamadlozi eenkunzi zehagu alungele iindawo zokugcina izityalo, iishedi ezinkulu, iihagu, iinkukhu, iinkomo kunye nezinye imfuyo kunye nezindlu zeenkukhu.Ilungele kakhulu iihagu ezinkulu.Indlu yokuhanjiswa kwentsimi, indlu yolondolozo, ibha yengulube, indlu yokutyebisa