Kuweta nkhumba kuyenera kuchita mabwalo asanu, ndiko kuti, mitundu, zakudya, chilengedwe, kasamalidwe, ndi kupewa miliri.Mbali zisanu izi ndi zofunika kwambiri.Pakati pawo, chilengedwe, mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zakudya, ndi kupewa miliri zimatchedwa zoletsa zinayi zazikuluzikulu zaukadaulo, ndipo zotsatira za nkhumba zachilengedwe ndizambiri.Ngati kuwongolera zachilengedwe kuli kosayenera, kuthekera kopanga sikungaseweredwe, komanso ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda ambiri.Pokhapokha popatsa nkhumba malo abwino okhalamo tingathe kupereka masewera athunthu pakupanga kwake.
Makhalidwe a nkhumba ndi awa: ana a nkhumba amaopa kuzizira, nkhumba zazikulu zimawopa kutentha, ndipo nkhumba sizikhala zonyowa, ndipo zimafuna mpweya wabwino.Chifukwa chake, kapangidwe kake ndi kapangidwe ka nkhumba zazikulu za nkhumba za nkhumba ziyenera kuganiziridwa mozungulira mavutowa.Zinthu izi zimakhudzana ndi kuletsana.
(1) Kutentha: Kutentha kumakhudza kwambiri chilengedwe.Nkhumba zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutalika kwa kutentha kwa chilengedwe.Kutentha kochepa ndi komwe kumawononga kwambiri ana a nkhumba.Ngati ana a nkhumba awululidwa mu 1 ° C kwa maola awiri, amatha kuzizira, kuzizira, ngakhale kuzizira mpaka kufa.Nkhumba zazikulu zimatha kuzizira m'malo a 8 ° C kwa nthawi yayitali, koma zimatha kuzizira popanda kudya kapena kumwa;nkhumba zoonda zimatha kuzizira pamene zili -5 ° C. Kuzizira kumakhudza kwambiri ana a nkhumba.Ndicho chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda otsekula m'mimba monga ana a nkhumba ndi matenda opatsirana m'mimba, komanso amatha kuyambitsa matenda a kupuma.Mayesowa akuwonetsa kuti ngati nkhumba yotetezayo ikukhala m'malo ochepera 12 ° C, kuchuluka kwake kwa kulemera kwa gulu lowongolera kumachepa ndi 4.3%.Malipiro a chakudya adzachepetsedwa ndi 5%.M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa nyumba zazikulu za nkhumba sikuchepera 10 ° C;nyumba yosungirako nkhumba iyenera kusungidwa pa 18 ° C. Masabata a 2-3 a nkhumba amafunika pafupifupi 26 ° C;ana a nkhumba mkati mwa sabata imodzi amafunika malo a 30 ° C;kutentha m'bokosi losungirako ndikokwera kwambiri.
Kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa usana ndi usiku mu kasupe ndi autumn ndi kwakukulu, komwe kumatha kufika pansi pa 10 ° C. Nkhumba zodzaza sizingasinthidwe ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana mosavuta.Choncho, panthawiyi, pamafunika kutseka zitseko ndi mawindo nthawi yake kuti muchepetse kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa usana ndi usiku.Wamkulu nkhumba si kutentha zosagwira.Kutentha kukakhala kopitilira 28 ° C, nkhumba yayikulu yokhala ndi thupi lopitilira 75kg imatha kukhala ndi vuto la mphumu: ikapitilira 30 ° C, kuchuluka kwa chakudya cha nkhumba kumachepa kwambiri, malipiro amachepa, ndipo kukula kumachepa. .Kutentha kukakhala kopitilira 35 ° C ndipo sikutenga njira zoziziritsa ku bungwe loletsa kuwongolera, nkhumba zonenepa zimatha kuchitika.Zoweta zapakati zimatha kupititsa padera, chilakolako chogonana cha nkhumba chimachepa, umuna wosauka, ndi 2-3 mwa 2-3 mwa iwo.Ndizovuta kuchira mkati mwa mweziwo.Kupsinjika kwa kutentha kumatha kutsatira matenda angapo.
Kutentha kwa nyumba ya nkhumba kumadalira gwero la zopatsa mphamvu m'nyumba ya nkhumba komanso kuchuluka kwa kutaya.Pansi pazida zopanda zotenthetsera, gwero la kutentha limadalira kutentha kwa thupi la nkhumba ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.Kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa kutentha kumakhudzana ndi zinthu monga mapangidwe, zipangizo zomangira, zipangizo zopangira mpweya wabwino komanso kayendetsedwe ka nyumba ya nkhumba.M'nyengo yozizira, malo otenthetsera ndi kusungunula ayenera kuwonjezeredwa kudyetsa nkhumba za L Da ndi nkhumba zoteteza.M'nyengo yotentha, ntchito yolimbana ndi kuvutika maganizo ya nkhumba zazikulu ziyenera kuchitidwa.Ngati muwonjezera mpweya wabwino ndi kuziziritsa, fulumirani kutaya kutentha.Chepetsani kuchulukana kwa madyedwe a nkhumba m'khola la nkhumba kuti muchepetse kutentha kwa m'nyumba.Chinthu ichi
Ntchito ndi yofunika kwambiri pa mimba yofesa nkhumba ndi nkhumba.
(2) Chinyezi: Chinyezi chimatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chomwe chimakhala m'nyumba ya nkhumba.Kawirikawiri, amaimiridwa ndi chinyezi chochepa.Malo opatulika a akuluakulu a nkhumba ndi 65% mpaka 80%.Mayesowa akuwonetsa kuti m'malo a 14-23 ° C, chinyezi chachifupi ndi 50% mpaka 80% ya chilengedwe ndi yoyenera kwambiri kupulumuka kwa nkhumba.Khazikitsani zida zolowera mpweya ndikutsegula zitseko ndi mazenera kuti muchepetse chinyezi chachipindacho.
(3) mpweya wabwino: Chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwa nkhumba, kuchuluka kwa nyumba ya nkhumba kumakhala kochepa komanso kotsekedwa.Nyumba ya nkhumba yapeza mpweya wambiri wa carbon dioxide, mpweya, hydrogen sulfide ndi fumbi.Kutsekedwa nyengo yozizira.Ngati nkhumba moyo mu chilengedwe kwa nthawi yaitali, iwo choyamba kulimbikitsa chapamwamba kupuma thirakiti mucosa, chifukwa kutupa, ndi kupanga nkhumba matenda kapena yotithandiza kupuma matenda, monga mphumu, matenda pleural chibayo, nkhumba chibayo, etc. Zimayambitsanso matenda a nkhumba.Zimawonetsedwa ndi kuchepa kwa njala, kuchepa kwa lactation, misala kapena ulesi, ndi makutu akutafuna.Mpweya wabwino ukadali njira yofunikira yochotsera mpweya woipa.

Positive kuthamanga mpweya wabwino ndi kuzirala mfundo
Malo omwe ali abwino komanso olowera mpweya komanso kuziziritsa ndi Eastern Evapable Cold Fin.Mfundo yake ndi kutumiza mpweya wachilengedwe kunja kwa ng'ombe ndi nkhuku kudzera mu sefa yonyowa ndi kuziziritsa, ndikutumiza mosalekeza m'nyumba kudzera pamapaipi ake a fani ndi mpweya., Mipweya yoopsa monga hydrogen sulfide imatulutsidwa kudzera m'zitseko ndi mawindo otseguka kapena otseguka ndi mazenera mu mawonekedwe a kupanikizika kwabwino [monga kutsekedwa kwa ziweto ndi nyumba za nkhuku ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi mafani okakamiza olakwika] kuonetsetsa kuti pali malo oyera ndi oyera mkati. nyumba yoweta ziweto ndi nkhuku.Kuzizira ndi mpweya wabwino chilengedwe, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda, kufooketsa matenthedwe mmene kutentha kukondoweza pa ziweto ndi nkhuku, ndi kuthetsa nthawi imodzi njira ya mpweya wabwino, kuzirala, ndi kuyeretsedwa.Mpweya wabwino ndi kuziziritsa koziziritsa pang'onopang'ono kukukhala chisankho choyamba pamafamu atsopano ndi osintha a nkhumba m'mafamu akuluakulu a nkhumba.Ilinso kusankha koyamba kwa mafakitale osiyanasiyana kukonza mpweya wabwino ndi kuziziritsa kwa msonkhano.

Ubwino wapakati komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino komanso kuzirala
1. Yogwiritsidwa ntchito ku malo otseguka, otseguka komanso otsekedwa a minda yatsopano ndi yakale ya nkhumba, moyo wautumiki wa unit ukhoza kufika zaka zoposa 10
2. Ndalama zing'onozing'ono ndi kupulumutsa mphamvu, 1 digiri yokha / ola la mphamvu pa 100 lalikulu mamita, mpweya wotulutsa mpweya ukhoza kuzizira ndi 4 mpaka 10 ° C, mpweya wabwino, kuzirala, mpweya, ndi kuyeretsa kumathetsa nthawi.
3. Mfundo yokhazikika ndi kuziziritsa nkhumba, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo kukwaniritsa zosowa zosiyanasiyana za kutentha kwa nkhumba ndi nkhumba kuti ziteteze bwino ana a nkhumba ndi kuchepetsa;Thandizo lofesa likuwonjezeka ndi 40% nyengo ya kutentha kwambiri
4. Mogwira mtima kufooketsa kupsinjika kwa kutentha, kuteteza matenda, kupewa kuvutika pobereka, kumapangitsa ana a nkhumba kuti akwaniritse chiwerengero cha kupulumuka, kupititsa patsogolo kwambiri umuna wa nkhumba zoyenera ku greenhouses, makola akuluakulu, nkhumba, nkhuku, ng'ombe ndi ziweto zina ndi nkhuku.Makamaka oyenera nkhumba zazikulu.Nyumba yobweretsera minda, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu, bar boar, nyumba yonenepa